Abbreviations

The abbreviations used throughout the script, with their expansions. Each is also introduced in full where it first appears.

Abbreviation	Expansion
ALU	arithmetic logic unit
ARP	Address Resolution Protocol
AS	autonomous system
ASCII	American Standard Code for Information Interchange
BGP	Border Gateway Protocol
CIDR	Classless Inter-Domain Routing
CPU	central processing unit
CRC	cyclic redundancy check
CSMA/CA	carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance
CSMA/CD	carrier sense multiple access / collision detection
DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS	Domain Name System
ECC	error-correcting code
FTP	File Transfer Protocol
GPU	graphics processing unit
GUI	graphical user interface
HDD	hard disk drive
HTTP(S)	Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secure)
ICMP	Internet Control Message Protocol
IMAP	Internet Message Access Protocol
IP(v4/v6)	Internet Protocol (version 4/6)
IR	instruction register
ISP	internet service provider
LAN	local area network
MAC	media access control
MIME	Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
MSS	maximum segment size
MTU	maximum transmission unit
NAT	network address translation
NIC	network interface card
OS	operating system
OSI	Open Systems Interconnection
OUI	organisationally unique identifier
P2P	peer-to-peer
PC	program counter
POP3	Post Office Protocol v3
RAM	random-access memory
RFC	Request for Comments
RGB	red–green–blue
RTT	round-trip time
SMTP	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SSD	solid-state drive
SSH	Secure Shell
TCP	Transmission Control Protocol
TLD	top-level domain
TLS	Transport Layer Security
TTL	time to live
UDP	User Datagram Protocol
URL	uniform resource locator
UTF	Unicode Transformation Format
WAN	wide area network
WPA	Wi-Fi Protected Access